{"id":3077,"date":"2016-07-25T08:49:19","date_gmt":"2016-07-25T08:49:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/caygiongnongnghiep.com\/?p=3077"},"modified":"2016-07-25T08:49:19","modified_gmt":"2016-07-25T08:49:19","slug":"quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-cham-soc-va-thu-hoach-dua-md2-o-cac-tinh-phia-bac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/giongcayanqua.vn\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-trong-cham-soc-va-thu-hoach-dua-md2-o-cac-tinh-phia-bac\/","title":{"rendered":"Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ee9a MD2 \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc"},"content":{"rendered":"

Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ee9a MD2 \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho gi\u1ed1ng d\u1ee9a MD2 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m: N\/A
\nM\u00e3: FV-QU-HD-1210-06-NA<\/p>\n

1. Ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/strong> <\/span>
\nQuy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho gi\u1ed1ng d\u1ee9a MD2 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

2. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh th\u00e1i<\/strong><\/span>
\n2.1. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong><\/span>
\n– C\u00e2y d\u1ee9a MD2 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n n\u0103m 20 – 270 C, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n th\u00e1ng th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 150C v\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 320C.
\n2.2. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/span>
\n– D\u1ee9a MD2 l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3<\/a> \u00a0ng\u00e0y ng\u1eafn, c\u00e2y ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a m\u1ea7m hoa khi g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng trong ng\u00e0y ng\u1eafn.
\n– Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee7 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao, v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1eb9p; khi thi\u1ebfu \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ebd th\u1ea5p, d\u1ee9a c\u00f3 v\u1ecb chua, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p, v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0u x\u00e1m t\u1ed1i.
\n– Khi qu\u1ea3 d\u1ee9a chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ch\u00edn, g\u1eb7p th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m r\u00e1m qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u00e1 d\u1ee9a b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng.
\n2.3. \u1ea8m \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a<\/strong><\/span>
\n– \u1ea8m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m t\u1eeb 75 – 80%.
\n– L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y d\u1ee9a MD2 l\u00e0 1.200 – 1.500 mm.
\n2.4. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai<\/strong><\/span>
\n– D\u1ee9a MD2 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecf Bazan, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 sa c\u1ed5…. \u0110\u1ed9 pH \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 5,6 – 6,0.
\n– C\u00e2y d\u1ee9a MD2 c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p, tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed, c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t.
\n– \u0110\u1ea5t tr\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y d\u1ee9a.<\/p>\n

3. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00f4 tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/span>
\n3.1. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00f4 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c th\u1ea5p (d\u01b0\u1edbi 50)<\/strong><\/span>
\n– V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng, m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp \u00fang trong m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu theo ki\u1ec3u chia l\u00f4 \u00f4 b\u00e0n c\u1edd, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00f4 nh\u1ecf. N\u01a1i d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp \u00fang trong m\u00f9a m\u01b0a c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u00e3nh tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tho\u00e1t h\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi m\u01b0a.
\n– L\u00f4 d\u1ee9a c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn qu\u00e1 2 – 3 ha, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng d\u1ee9a kh\u00f4ng d\u00e0i qu\u00e1 50 m.
\n3.2. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00f4 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng (\u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c tr\u00ean 7 – 8 0)<\/strong><\/span>
\n– L\u00f4 tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 canh t\u00e1c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00f3i m\u00f2n, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u0103n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. Trong to\u00e0n khu v\u1ef1c t\u1eadp trung, b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3i.
\n– L\u00f4 d\u1ee9a c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn qu\u00e1 1 – 1,5 ha, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng d\u1ee9a kh\u00f4ng d\u00e0i qu\u00e1 30 – 40 m.
\n3.3. M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/span>
\n– M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 6,0 v\u1ea1n ch\u1ed3i\/1 ha v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng h\u00e0ng k\u00e9p 4.
\n– Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e2y c\u00e1ch c\u00e2y tr\u00ean h\u00e0ng 25 – 30 cm, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa hai h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 35 – 40 cm v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa hai h\u00e0ng s\u00f4ng l\u00e0 80 cm.
\n– Tr\u00ean h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ch\u1ed3i tr\u1ed3ng theo ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c nanh s\u1ea5u.
\n– Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng theo h\u00e0ng k\u00e9p \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c.<\/p>\n

4. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/span>
\n4.1. L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/span>
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e0y s\u00e2u 25 – 30 cm, b\u1eeba nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p; \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0y b\u1eeba to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, ch\u1ec9 c\u00e0y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng, lu\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ed3ng.
\n– Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi, th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb kh\u00f4, tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb x\u00f3i m\u00f2n, thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho thao t\u00e1c tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e2y con s\u1edbm h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c.
\n– V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi khai hoang, n\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e0y v\u1ee1 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a thu ho\u1eb7c trong m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7t b\u1ecf c\u00e2y to, c\u00e2y gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 nh\u1eb7t r\u1ec5, di\u1ec7t m\u1ea7m c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m sau c\u00e0y b\u1eeba l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi.
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ee9a tr\u1ed3ng l\u1ea1i chu k\u1ef3 hai, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y phay b\u0103m th\u00e2n l\u00e1, b\u00f3n 500 – 700 kg v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t\/ha v\u00e0 c\u00e0y l\u1ea5p th\u00e2n d\u1ee9a cho hoai m\u1ee5c; n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y, d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1c r\u0103ng c\u00e0o th\u00e2n l\u00e1 ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 t\u1ea1i ru\u1ed9ng, t\u1eadp trung th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1ng to r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1t.
\n– \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i n\u00f5n g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i d\u1ee9a, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng khi tr\u1ed3ng.
\n4.2. B\u00f3n l\u00f3t<\/strong><\/span>
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f9n th\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi 1%, c\u1ea7n b\u00f3n l\u00f3t 15 – 20 t\u1ea5n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 cho 1ha tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f9n cao, b\u00f3n l\u00f3t 10 t\u1ea5n ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng\/ha (ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3n thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng 2 – 3 t\u1ea5n ph\u00e2n vi sinh\/ha) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 chu k\u1ef3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y.
\n– B\u00f3n l\u00f3t ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh sau khi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng.
\n5. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ch\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/span>
\n5.1. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/span>
\n– Ch\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i nguy hi\u1ec3m.
\n– Ch\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1t:
\nTT Lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ed3i Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed3i (gam) Chi\u1ec1u cao ch\u1ed3i (cm)
\n1 Ch\u1ed3i n\u00e1ch 250 – 350 35 – 40*
\n2 Ch\u1ed3i ng\u1ecdn 200 – 300 20 – 25
\n* Chi\u1ec1u cao ch\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t b\u1edbt ng\u1ecdn l\u00e1.
\nC\u00e1c ch\u1ed3i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i qua gi\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng.
\n5.2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/span>
\nTr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh 2 nh\u00f3m: nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed3i l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed3i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.
\n5.3. X\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/span>
\n– Ch\u1ed3i sau khi t\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng b\u00f3 15 – 20 ch\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng l\u1ea1t m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gi\u00e2m m\u00e1t.
\n– Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u00f3c b\u1edbt c\u00e1c l\u00e1 kh\u00f4 \u1edf ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed3i; nh\u00fang to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c ch\u1ed3i v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p dung d\u1ecbch thu\u1ed1c Supracide 40EC n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,2% v\u00e0 Aliette 80WP n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,3%. Nh\u00fang ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c ch\u1ed3i d\u1ee9a trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p dung d\u1ecbch thu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean trong th\u1eddi gian 5 ph\u00fat, v\u1edbt ra \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

6. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c<\/strong><\/span>
\n6.1. Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/span>
\n– Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng d\u1ee9a kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng trong n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p. \u1ede mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o hai th\u1eddi k\u1ef3: v\u1ee5 xu\u00e2n (th\u00e1ng 3, 4) v\u00e0 v\u1ee5 thu (th\u00e1ng 8 – 10).
\n– Tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 xu\u00e2n n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng kho\u1ebb, c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn (250 – 350 g)
\n– Tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 thu, c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ed3i non v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i (kho\u1ea3ng 150g \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 200 g) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra hoa t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m.
\n6.2. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/span>
\n– Sau khi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, c\u00e0y r\u1ea1ch h\u00e0ng s\u00e2u 15 – 20 cm; b\u00f3n l\u00f3t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n vi sinh v\u00e0 1\/2 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu k\u1ef3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c.
\n– L\u1ea5p ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng, v\u00e9t l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao 15 – 20 cm v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u1ed3ng.
\n– Khi tr\u1ed3ng, l\u00e8n ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t quanh g\u1ed1c cho c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea5p v\u00e0o n\u00f5n d\u1ee9a v\u00e0 n\u00f5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y d\u1ee9a ph\u1ea3i cao h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 khi m\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5p n\u00f5n. V\u1edbi ch\u1ed3i ng\u1ecdn n\u00ean tr\u1ed3ng s\u00e2u kho\u1ea3ng 3 cm, ch\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 5 cm v\u00e0 ch\u1ed3i n\u00e1ch kho\u1ea3ng 6 – 8 cm l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.
\n– Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u1ed3ng d\u1ee9a c\u00f3 che ph\u1ee7 nilon, sau khi b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n l\u00f3t, l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee7 nilon l\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea5p ch\u00e8n hai m\u00e9p nilon, d\u00f9ng d\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng d\u1ee9a. Khi tr\u1ed3ng, d\u00f9ng tay l\u00f9a xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi nilon \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e8n ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o xung quanh g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y d\u1ee9a.
\n– Sau tr\u1ed3ng 15 – 20 ng\u00e0y, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng d\u1eb7m b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed3i t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ee9a, d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed5 ng\u00e3 cho v\u1eefng g\u1ed1c.
\n6.3. L\u00e0m c\u1ecf<\/strong><\/span>
\n– Khi c\u00e2y c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0m x\u00e1o c\u1ecf cho v\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u1ecf l\u1ea5n \u00e1t d\u1ee9a; khi c\u00e2y d\u1ee9a \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u1ed5 c\u00e1c c\u00e1c b\u1ee5i c\u1ecf t\u1ed1t c\u1ea1nh tranh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi d\u1ee9a.
\n– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf Diuron v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 2 – 3 kg\/ha v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc phun 2.000 – 3.000 l\u00edt, dung d\u1ecbch thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun tr\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi tr\u1ed3ng d\u1ee9a.
\n– Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u1ed3ng d\u1ee9a kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 che ph\u1ee7 nilon, sau khi tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng xen c\u00e1c c\u00e2y h\u1ecd \u0111\u1eadu nh\u01b0 l\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eadu xanh v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa hai h\u00e0ng k\u00e9p.
\n6.4. B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n<\/strong><\/span>
\n* T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f3n
\n– Li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n N, P, K nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t t\u00ednh cho m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y trong su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3 (18 – 20 th\u00e1ng) l\u00e0: 10g N , 5g P2O5, 15g K2O.
\n– Quy \u0111\u1ed5i ra ph\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m: 10g N t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 22g Ur\u00ea; 5g P2O5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 29g l\u00e2n nung ch\u1ea3y; 15g K2O t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 25g kaliclorua.
\n– Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p NPK lo\u1ea1i 12 – 6 – 18 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e2y d\u1ee9a, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tr\u00ean bao b\u00ec.
\n* Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u00f3n<\/strong>
\n– To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m 3 l\u1ea7n b\u00f3n:
\n+ L\u1ea7n 1: 2 – 3 th\u00e1ng sau khi tr\u1ed3ng, b\u00f3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, 1\/3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 1\/3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kali.
\n+ L\u1ea7n 2: 5 – 6 th\u00e1ng sau khi tr\u1ed3ng, b\u00f3n 1\/3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 1\/3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kali.
\n+ L\u1ea7n 3: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e2y x\u1eed l\u00fd \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1,5 – 2 th\u00e1ng (kho\u1ea3ng 8 – 9 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i) l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n 2.
\n– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3n 4 – 5 l\u1ea7n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n, ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1,5 – 2 th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1eed l\u00fd.
\n* C\u00e1ch b\u00f3n<\/strong>
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00f3n l\u00f3t, r\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed9n theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0y r\u1ea1ch h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng.
\n– Ch\u1ec9 b\u00f3n th\u00fac v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 200C tr\u1edf l\u00ean v\u00e0 tranh th\u1ee7 b\u00f3n sau m\u01b0a khi \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n \u1ea9m.
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00f3n th\u00fac, d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1c r\u1ea1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ed1c 15 – 20 cm, r\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n v\u00e0o r\u00e3nh song l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t k\u00edn. \u1ede c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n b\u00f3n sau khi c\u00e2y d\u1ee9a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111an l\u00e1 v\u00e0o nhau, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh r\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng sau khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t m\u01b0a.
\n– V\u1edbi d\u1ee9a tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 che ph\u1ee7 nilon, l\u1eadt hai m\u00e9p nilon v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh r\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n r\u1ed3i ph\u1ee7 nilon l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o n\u00e1ch l\u00e1 \u1edf g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y.
\n6.5. T\u1ec9a ch\u1ed3i<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u1ede th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 ra hoa ch\u00ednh v\u1ee5, c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1ebb b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1ng khi ch\u1ed3i c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1ea1t 3 – 4 cm.
\n6.6. Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u00e1m qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/span>
\nD\u1ee9a MD2 r\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5 qu\u1ea3 do qu\u1ea3 to, cu\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00e1m qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0a v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.
\n– H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u00e1m qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i; d\u1eebng h\u1eb3n b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa v\u00e0 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3.
\n– Bu\u1ed9c t\u00fam l\u00e1 ng\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng c\u1ecf r\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 che b\u1edbt \u00e1nh n\u00e1ng r\u1ecdi v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3 khi tr\u1eddi n\u1eafng g\u1eaft.
\n– X\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa r\u1ea3i v\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch tr\u00e1nh d\u1ee9a ch\u00edn v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 l\u1edbn trong n\u0103m.
\n7. X\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa r\u1ea3i v\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/span>
\n7.1. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y x\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa<\/strong><\/span>
\nKhi c\u00e2y 38 – 40 l\u00e1 \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1ea1t 0,8 – 1,0 m (th\u01b0\u1eddng sau tr\u1ed3ng 11 – 12 th\u00e1ng) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n x\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa.
\n7.2. Th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa r\u1ea3i v\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/span>
\n– C\u00e1c th\u00e1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa cho t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ra hoa cao, th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb x\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa \u0111\u1ebfn thu ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn l\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 7; c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa r\u1ea3i v\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch cho t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ra hoa cao nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb khi x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn khi thu ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3 d\u00e0i l\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 9 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 11.
\n7.3. Ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/strong><\/span>
\n– C\u00f3 hai d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n v\u00e0 Ethrel.
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1edf d\u1ea1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c \u01b0\u1edbt.
\n+ X\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4: \u0111\u1eadp nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1 – 1,5 gam; b\u1ecf h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n v\u00e0o n\u00f5n d\u1ee9a, m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y 1 h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng khi c\u00f2n s\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ecdng \u1edf n\u00f5n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i. Trong c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng m\u00f9a kh\u00f4, c\u1ea7n r\u00f3t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u00f5n c\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n 2 sau x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t 3 ng\u00e0y. Trong th\u1eddi gian c\u00e2y d\u1ee9a \u0111ang sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh, x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n kh\u00f4 v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1,5 gam.
\n+ X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n \u01b0\u1edbt: h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 1,5 – 2,0%, r\u00f3t v\u00e0o n\u00f5n c\u00e2y d\u1ee9a, m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y r\u00f3t v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc 50 – 60 ml. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa d\u1ee9a MD2 v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u. X\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 2 sau x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t 3 ng\u00e0y.
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ethrel (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ethephon) ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf d\u1ea1ng dung d\u1ecbch, pha \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,4 – 0,5 %, tr\u1ed9n th\u00eam 1,5 % ur\u00ea v\u00e0 phun \u0111\u1ec1u cho to\u00e0n c\u00e2y, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng phun kho\u1ea3ng 2.000 l\u00edt\/ha. Th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u00fac tr\u1eddi r\u00e2m m\u00e1t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi th\u1ea5p. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 t\u1eeb 5 – 8 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 4 – 7 gi\u1edd chi\u1ec1u, m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1eeb 6 – 9 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 3 – 6 gi\u1edd chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

8. Ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i<\/strong> <\/span>
\n8.1. R\u1ec7p s\u00e1p (Dysmicoccus sp.)<\/strong><\/span>
\n– R\u1ec7p s\u00e1p v\u1eeba g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (h\u00fat d\u1ecbch l\u00e1) v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh virus (h\u00e9o wilt) r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m.
\n– Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e0y b\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea3i thu gom v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c t\u00e0n d\u01b0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, ch\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd; x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng. Sau khi tr\u1ed3ng, phun \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 5 – 6 tu\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t r\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 Bassa 50ND (0,2%), Supracide 40ND (0,2%), Applaud 10WP (0,3%), Confidor 100 SL (0,15%) ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb r\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c. Li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng phun: 800 – 1.000 l\u00edt dung d\u1ecbch cho 1 ha.
\n8.2. Nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecf (Dolichotetranycus sp.)<\/strong><\/span>
\n– Nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecf th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong m\u00f9a n\u1eafng, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00edch h\u00fat nh\u1ef1a, l\u00e0m cho qu\u1ea3 k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.
\n– Trong m\u00f9a n\u1eafng n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n phun c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb nh\u1ec7n nh\u01b0: Comite 73 EC (0,1%); Sulox 80WP (0,3%); Kumulus 80DF (0,3%) ho\u1eb7c D\u1ea7u DC Tron-Plus theo khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o.
\n8.3. B\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i n\u00f5n v\u00e0 th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5 (Phytophthora spp.)<\/strong><\/span>
\n– \u1ede c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh trong th\u00e1ng 11, 12, n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 – 3 v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4 – 5.
\n– Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb:
\n+ X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng, ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7 t\u00e0n d\u01b0 c\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, d\u00f9ng ch\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec7nh, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam Magi\u00ea.
\n+ X\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed3i d\u1ee9a tr\u00ac\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c: Matalaxyl, Aliette ho\u1eb7c Phosphonate.
\n+ Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ee9a b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c sau \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan: Aliette 0,3% phun 2 ho\u1eb7c 3 l\u1ea7n, c\u00e1ch nhau 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 ng\u00e0y v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng phun 800 – 1.000 l\u00edt\/ha ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Alpine 80WP, Mexyl MZ 72WP, Phosacid v\u00e0 Phosphonate v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch phun t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c Aliette.
\n8.4. B\u1ec7nh h\u00e9o kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e1 (Wilt) do virus<\/strong><\/span>
\n– Khi c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e1c l\u00e1 b\u1ecb h\u00e9o d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb ng\u1ecdn xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 th\u00ec h\u00e9o t\u1eeb ng\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda g\u1ed1c, b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ng\u1eebng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.
\n– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ed3i kho\u1ebb, s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec7nh, x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 phun thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb r\u1ec7p s\u00e1p g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i.
\n9. Thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/span>
\n9.1. Thu ho\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/span>
\n* Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong>
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ee9a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1i, thu ho\u1ea1ch khi qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 1\/3 – 1\/2 v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng.
\n– D\u1ee9a l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ed9p, thu ho\u1ea1ch khi qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0, v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb m\u00e0u xanh x\u1eabm chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t v\u00e0 2 h\u00e0ng m\u1eaft ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebd m\u1eaft m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, th\u1ecbt qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t; v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng \u1edf v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f4ng – xu\u00e2n, thu ho\u1ea1ch khi 1\/3 v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng.
\n– D\u1ee9a l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ee9a c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c, thu ho\u1ea1ch khi 1\/3 v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng; trong c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng \u1edf v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f4ng – xu\u00e2n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng trong v\u1ee5 h\u00e8.
\n* K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thu h\u00e1i<\/strong>
\n– D\u00f9ng dao s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft cu\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3, c\u1eaft qu\u1ea3 k\u00e8m theo \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i 2 – 3 cm, v\u1ebft c\u1eaft ph\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp x\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi thu ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9 tay, tr\u00e1nh g\u00e2y b\u1ea7m d\u1eadp qu\u1ea3, g\u00e3y cu\u1ed1ng, g\u00e3y ng\u1ecdn. Kh\u00f4ng thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c n\u1eafng g\u1eaft.
\n– V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ngay sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch.
\n9.2. B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/span>
\n– B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf n\u01a1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: thu ho\u1ea1ch xong ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i r\u00e2m m\u00e1t, s\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1ng ngo\u00e0i n\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0a.
\n– B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho \u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1i: ch\u1ecdn qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb d\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i, v\u1eb7t b\u1ecf l\u00e1 \u1edf g\u1ed1c qu\u1ea3, c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ed1c 2 cm. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o kho m\u00e1t, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng xe l\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 7 – 80C, \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 85 – 90%. Th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o kho m\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 24 ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 v\u00e0 36 ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n.
\n– B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n d\u1ee9a ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: thu ho\u1ea1ch xong, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, ch\u1ecdn qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0nh l\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o kho m\u00e1t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 10 – 120C \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ee9a m\u1edbi c\u00f3 2 h\u00e0ng m\u1eaft qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, 7 – 80C \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ee9a b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00edn, \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 trong kho 85 – 90% c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 – 3 tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n:giongcaytrong.com<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ee9a MD2 \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc\u00a0 Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho gi\u1ed1ng d\u1ee9a MD2 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. N\u0103m: N\/A M\u00e3: FV-QU-HD-1210-06-NA 1. Ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho gi\u1ed1ng d\u1ee9a MD2 tr\u1ed3ng […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3214,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[888],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/giongcayanqua.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3077"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/giongcayanqua.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/giongcayanqua.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giongcayanqua.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giongcayanqua.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3077"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/giongcayanqua.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3077\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giongcayanqua.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/giongcayanqua.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3077"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giongcayanqua.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3077"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giongcayanqua.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3077"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}